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Background and Objective: Sleep is essential for physical and mental health, particularly for neurocognitive and psychomotor performance. Medical students often experience poor sleep quality or sleep deprivation due to academic pressures, long study hours and work shifts in hospitals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of sleep quality and sleepiness with cognitive failures of Iranian medical students.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 on 207 medical students at Babol University of Medical Sciences. Data collected using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Karolinska sleepiness scale (KSS), the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ), and a demographic form. Statistical analysis performed in SPSS software, version 23, and the significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: Among participants, 105 were interns (50.7%) and 114 were female (55.1%). The mean PSQI score was 6.76±2.88, and 83.3% had poor sleep quality. The prevalence of sleepiness (Based on the KSS score) was 24.6%, and 30.9% reported high cognitive failures. Univariate analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between sleep quality and cognitive failures (r=0.398, P<0.001), but not between sleepiness and cognitive failure (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed the significant association between cognitive failure and the factors of sleep quality (P<0.001, β=1.67), use of specific medications (P=0.009, β=6.65), and average use of mobile applications and the internet (P=0.004, β=-6.67) after adjusting for confounding variables.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of poor sleep quality among Iranian medical students, especially interns, and its association with cognitive failures, interventions are needed for improving their sleep quality and addressing related risk factors in order to prevent medical errors.
 

Keywords: Sleep quality, Sleepiness, Cognitive failure, Students, Clinical students, Medical intern

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